18医学英语Diseases of Heart Valves

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A heart murmur is an abnormal sound heard when listening to the heart or neighboring large blood vessels.Heart murmurs are most often caused by defective heart valves.

Valvulitis is an inflammation of a heart valve.

Valvular prolapse is the abnormal protrusion of a heart valve that results in the inability of the valve to close completely. Prolapse means the falling or dropping down of an organ or internal part. This condition is named for the affected valve,such as a mitral valve prolapse.

Valvular stenosis  is a condition in which there is narrowing, stiffening, thickening, or blockage of one or more valves of the heart. Stenosis is

the abnormal narrowing of an opening. These conditions are named for the affected valve, such as aortic valve stenosis.

词汇：

heart murmur 心脏杂音

valvular prolapse 瓣膜脱垂    valvul瓣膜   -itis炎症

valvular stenosis 瓣膜狭窄    valvul瓣膜    -ar与...有关的

aortic valve stenosis 主动脉瓣狭窄

参考译文：

心脏杂音是在听诊心脏或邻近的大血管时听到的一种异常的声音。心脏杂音通常是由心脏瓣膜疾病引起的。

Valvulitis是心脏瓣膜的炎症。
Valvular prolapse瓣膜脱垂是心脏瓣膜的异常突起，导致瓣膜无法完全关闭。Prolapse是指器官或内部组织的下垂。这种疾病常以受累的瓣膜命名，如二尖瓣脱垂。
Valvular stenosis瓣膜狭窄是指心脏的一个或多个瓣膜存在狭窄、变硬、增厚或堵塞。Stenosis指开口的异常狭窄。这种疾病常以受累的瓣膜命名，如主动脉瓣狭窄。