And now, Words and Their Stories, from VOA Learning English.
现在是VOA慢速英语《词汇掌故》节目。
Today, let's talk about a common art activity – coloring.
今天，让我们来谈一种常见的艺术活动——涂色。
Coloring books are common objects of play and learning for children around the world.
涂色书是世界各地儿童玩耍和学习的常见物。
In recent years, coloring books for adults have grown popular too.
近年来，成人涂色书也变得流行起来。
Children usually color with wax sticks called crayons.
孩子们通常用蜡棒涂颜色，这种蜡棒被称为蜡笔。
But, you can also use color markers, pens, and pencils.
但是，你也可以使用彩色记号笔、钢笔和铅笔。
Adding color to black and white images is fun and often calming.
给黑白图像添加颜色很有趣，而且通常会让人平静下来。
You just choose a color and fill in the space created by the lines.
你只需要选择一种颜色并填充在线条所创造的空间中。
In fact, children are often taught to stay inside the lines when they color.
事实上，孩子们经常被教导在涂色时要涂在线内。
Apparently, this idea does not come naturally.
显然，这个想法不是自然而然产生的。
Child development experts say very young children begin by scribbling on a coloring page.
儿童发展专家说，很小的孩子就开始在涂色页上涂鸦。
They do not pay attention to the lines of the picture.
他们没有注意到画上的线条。
The result is a colorful but often messy looking picture.
结果是一幅五颜六色但往往看起来杂乱无章的画。
Then between the ages of two and five they start coloring inside the lines.
然后，在两岁到五岁之间，他们开始在线条内涂色。
This progression shows an improvement in many skills: fine motor skills, hand-eye coordination, space and object awareness, and more.
这一进步显示出许多技能的提高：精细运动技能、手眼协调能力、空间意识和物体意识等。
Many children are taught to color inside the lines.
许多孩子被教导在线条内涂色。
As a result, many adults do the same.
因此，许多成年人也会这样做。
This makes this finished artwork look more organized and proper because you followed the images' guide lines.
这使得这幅完工的艺术品看起来更有条理，更恰当，因为你按着图像的指导线完成。
That is why the expression coloring inside the lines means to think or act within generally accepted guidelines.
这就是为什么“ coloring inside the lines”是指在普遍接受的指导方针下思考或行动。
If you color inside the lines, you follow the rules.
如果你涂在线内，你就是遵守规则。
You stay in the lines or you play by the book (not the coloring book … but the rule book).
你要么按规矩来，要么照章办事（不是涂色书而是规则手册）。
We can also say you stick to the script.
我们也可以说你按照剧本来。
A script contains the spoken words performers must say out-loud in a play, movie, or show.
剧本包含表演者在戏剧、电影或表演中必须大声说出的台词。
Sticking to the script means you do not change the lines you are given.
按照剧本来是指你不改变分到你身上的台词。
Such people can also be said to toe the line.
这样的人也可以说是循规蹈矩。
That expression comes from foot racing.
这个说法来自于竞走。
On the other hand, people who color outside the lines do not follow rules.
另一方面，“涂在线外”的人并不遵守规则。
They are rebels.
他们是不守规矩的人。
Rebels reject rules.
不守规矩的人拒绝遵守规则。
They color outside the lines and think outside the box.
他们“涂在线外”，打破常规思维。
Instead of sticking to the script they go off script.
他们没有按照剧本来，反而偏离了剧本。
They improvise.
他们即兴发挥。
Just as with rule-followers, we have just as many word phrases and expressions for rule-breakers.
就像形容遵守规则的人一样，针对打破规则的人，我们有同样多的单词短语和表达。
They break new ground.
他们开辟了新天地。
They are ground-breakers.
他们是开拓者。
They buck traditions.
他们反对惯例。
Used as a verb this way, "buck" means to oppose or resist.
以这种方式作为动词使用时，“buck”的意思是反对或抵制。
Next time you want describe these two kinds of people you will have plenty of expressions to choose from!
下次你想描述这两种人时，你会有很多表达可供选择！
And that's the end of this Words and Their Stories.
以上就是本期《词汇掌故》的全部内容。
Until next time … I'm Anna Matteo!
下期节目再见，安娜·马泰奥为您播报！
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